Ambiguity and Vagueness
Why do they happen? How are they different?
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/ambiguity.html

ambiguity from FOLDOC
Note the difference between ambiguity and vagueness.
www.swif.uniba.it/lei/foldop/foldoc.cgi?ambiguity

Ambiguity
Why is ambiguity a problem? Search space increased: combinatorial explosion.
www.scism.sbu.ac.uk/inmandw/ tutorials/nlp/ambiguity/ambiguity.html

Case for Case, The
Demonstration sheet and exercises. Avoiding pseudo-correct English.
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Case.html

Causal Analysis: an exercise
Complexities and background conditions
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/CausAnlys.html

Causal Loop Diagrams
... how to draw causal loop diagrams that help .. describe the interdependencies between elements that form a system
http://www.joiningdots.net/systems/thinking/causal_loops.htm

Cause and Effect Exercises
Combine the pair of sentences below into ONE sentence, ...
lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/students/fwalters/causeconnect.html

Cause and Effect, Ishikawa Diagrams

Common Errors
in Logic and Rhetoric -- chart
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Errors.html

Confirmation Theory:
Radical Empiricist version -- exercises
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Empiricist.html

Conflict in Schools ... Where Does It Occur?
Schooling as dramaturgy
http://muse.widener.edu/%7Eegrozyck/ChanConflict.html

Constructive Criticism.
What is it? -- short essay
http://muse.widener.edu/%7Eegrozyck/REDoctoral/Criticism.html

Controversy Analysis Worksheet
Analysis protocol
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Controlysis.html

Cooperation and Coercion
What is the difference?
http://www.newfoundations.com/EdBiz/cooperation.html

Counterexamples
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/PluralCrit.html#IXcounterexamples

Critique of Arguments
Quick'n'Dirty Syllogistic Method
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/CritiqueQ%26D.html

Description to Definition: a process
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/PluralCrit.html#Idescribing

Definition, varieties of
Typology and examples, exercise
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/Definition.html

Delegitimating Interests
confusing fact and valuation
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Delegitimating.html

Detecting Fallacies
worksheet
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Fallacies.html

Diagramming Concepts
Reasoning with Venn diagrams
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Venn.html

Evaluating a Rationale for Intervention
Worksheet
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/CueConcern.html

Evaluating a Theory: a first approach
http://hwww.newfoundations.com/EGR/EvalTheory.html

Everyday Theories.
Folklore about human behavior -- discussion sheet
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Everyday.html

Factor Analysis
... main applications of factor analytic technique ...
http://www.statsoft.com/textbook/stfacan.html

Fair Share vs. Fair Play
Why is the distinction important?
http://www.newfoundations.com/Clabaugh/CuttingEdge/Fair%20share.html

Fallacy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A fallacy is a component of an argument which is demonstrably flawed in its logic
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallacy

Hurt, Harm & Safety
What is it important not to confuse these terms?
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/HurtHarm.html

Introduction to Fallacies
... a discussion of the nature of fallacious reasoning. ...
www.cuyamaca.edu/bruce.thompson/ Fallacies/intro_fallacies.asp

Ishikawa, or Fishbone, Cause and Effect. Diagram ...
Kaoru Ishikawa used the Fault Tree, ...
www.skymark.com/resources/tools/cause.asp

Justice through Testing
Defining the discrepancy between potential and achievement
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/Justice.html

Justice vs. Expedience
Case analysis exercises.
http://www.newfoundations.com/CaseModels/Expedience.html

 Logical Fallacies: The Fallacy Files
Describes and gives examples of logical fallacies ...
http://www.fallacyfiles.org/

Logical fallacy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In philosophy, the term logical fallacy properly refers to a formal fallacy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_fallacy

Mission: Critical (Vagueness and Ambiguity)
A little test to help distinguish vagueness from ambiguity (from San Jose University's critical thinking pages).
www2.sjsu.edu/depts/itl/graphics/vague/vague.html

Operationalization
Making theories testable.
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/Oper.html

Pain vs. Anguish
Physically and morally they are different.
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/Pain.html

Paradigms
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/PluralCrit.html#Vparadigms.

Partitioning and Measurability
Process of developing a measure.
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Measurability.html

Policy Types
Analysis diagrams
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/PolicyTypes.html

Production Models of the School
Varying input-output relationships may affect policy.
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Production.html

Punishment vs. Cruelty
Case analysis exercises.
http://www.newfoundations.com/CaseModels/Punishment.html

Rationales for Intervention
Discussion and methodology. A theory of warrants.
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/Rationales.html

Reconstructing Assumptions
Changing enthymemes into syllogisms.
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Reconstructing.html

Reinforcers and Voluntary Behavior
The probability theory required by reinforcement theory is incompatible with the logic of voluntarism.
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/RewRein.html

Rewards and Reinforcers, More on
... the concepts are randomly associated ...
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/MoreRein.html

Task Structure and Ability -- simulation
Modeled on Edward Deming's Red Ball Experiment
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/SIMStructureAbility.html

The Logical Fallacies: Table of Contents
Fallacy of Four Terms
www.intrepidsoftware.com/fallacy/toc.php

SEM FAQ, Ed Rigdon's
This site addresses "Frequently Asked Questions" about structural equation modeling (SEM).
http://www2.gsu.edu/~mkteer/semfaq.html

Structural Equation Modeling
... is a very general, very powerful multivariate analysis tool ...
www.statsoft.com/textbook/stsepath.html

The Surprise Test. A Paradox?
Two possible ways of giving a surprise test. Neither particularly surprising.
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/SurpriseTest.html

The UVic Writer's Guide: Ambiguity
... A portmanteau word is a particular type of ambiguity, in which two words and their ...
web.uvic.ca/wguide/Pages/LTAmbiguity.html

The Writing Center--The Cause/Effect Essay
Cause and effect is a common method of organizing and discussing ideas.
www.delmar.edu/engl/wrtctr/handouts/cause_effect.htm

Thinking. Do Computers Do It? -- critical essay
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/Armchair.html

Three Interaction Analysis Systems - Charts and observation grid
How might students and teachers behave? 
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/IASystems.html

Varieties of Explanation &  Cause -- definitions, activity
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Explanation.html

Venn Diagram Basic
The Graphic Organizer is the premier web site ...
www.graphic.org/venbas.html

Venn Diagram Generator
Make a Venn diagram in seconds! ...
teachers.teach-nology.com/ web_tools/graphic_org/venn_diagrams/

Venn Diagram
Venn Diagrams are useful for examining similarities and ...
www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/score/actbank/tvenn.htm

Violence vs. Wrongdoing
Case analysis exercises.
http://www.newfoundations.com/CaseModels/Violence.html

Voluntary Behavior
Conditions of identification. A set-theoretic approach.
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/FunAnBeh.html#Voluntary

Welcome to the Cause & Effect Relationship Lesson
Identify which is the cause and which is the effect when given two events. ...
courses.lib.odu.edu/eci/wreed/ eci304wr/s_collins/pageseven.htm

What is a Problem? analysis activity
http://www.newfoundations.com/Problems/ProbQues.html

What is a Synopsis? instruction sheet
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/synopsis.html

What is a System?
A "top-down" explanation -- chart of explanations and comments.
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/system.html

What is an "At-risk" Student? - essay
What kind of risks should we worry about?
http://www.newfoundations.com/EGR/AtRisk.html

What's the Connection?
State what is unstated in the statements.
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Connection.html

Wise or Knowledgeable?
Case analysis class activity
http://home.comcast.net/~erozycki/Wisdom.html